The Reapers, the Skirmishers and the Templars. Three additional factions have been added to the game. They can also kidnap and torture your soldiers and you'll need to mount a rescue operation to free them before they give away too much intel about you.
Many people compare them to the Nemesis system in Shadow of Mordor. You fight them several times during the campaign (on scripted missions and during normal encounters) and they grow in strength over time (just as you do). They have their own distinctive strengths, strategies and weaknesses. The chosen are your direct adversaries and they are very powerful. New locations, new mission types, new tech, new enemy types and buildings. Revamped and improved Story, with new cutscenes, new story missions, new scripted missions. But that changed after learning what War of the chosen is and watching a couple of videos: I was under the impression that war of the chosen would be going the same route and was only thinking about buying it at a high discount (original price is 40€. But the DLC that followed was rather a bit disappointing, yes there were some nice things but nothing that I'd consider to be great. I'm a XCOM 2 fan and played the game for more than 100 hours in the months after release. I'm making this thread because I feel like the marketing for XCOM2: War of the chosen isn't going very well and people don't really know what War of the chosen is.